Childhood allergy refers to an exaggerated immune response in children to certain substances in the environment that
are typically harmless to others. These substances, known as allergens, can trigger an allergic reaction in
susceptible individuals. Here are some key points about childhood allergies:
Common Childhood Allergens:
- Food Allergies: Common food allergens in children include cow's milk, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, soy, wheat,
fish, and shellfish.
- Environmental Allergens: Environmental allergens that can trigger allergies in children include pollen from
trees, grasses, and weeds, dust mites, mold spores, pet dander, and insect stings.
Types of Childhood Allergic Reactions:
- Allergic Rhinitis: Also known as hay fever, allergic rhinitis causes symptoms such as sneezing, itching,
nasal
congestion, and a runny or stuffy nose.
- Asthma: Allergens can trigger asthma symptoms in susceptible children, resulting in wheezing, coughing,
shortness of breath, and chest tightness.
- Atopic Dermatitis: Children with allergies may develop atopic dermatitis, a chronic inflammatory skin
condition
characterized by itchy, dry, and red skin.
- Food Allergy: Ingesting a specific food allergen can cause a range of symptoms, including hives, swelling,
vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and in severe cases, anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction.
